The energy cost of water fitness by Mary E. Sanders
The natural resistance and buoyancy of water make it a safe, effective exercise environment in which to build muscular endurance and expend kilocalories (kcal) for energy. By minimizing the pounding impact of gravity against the joints, water provides a more comfortable setting for vigorous exercise. This makes the aquatic workout an excellent option for many older adults, including those focused on weight loss or maintenance.
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